Germline Methylation Patterns Determine the Distribution of Recombination Events in the Dog Genome

摘要: The positive-regulatory domain containing nine gene, PRDM9, which strongly associates with the location of recombination events in several vertebrates, is inferred to be inactive dog genome. Here, we address questions regarding control and its influence on genome evolution dogs. First, whether association between CpG islands (CGIs) hotspots generated by lack methylation, GC-biased gene conversion (gBGC), or both. Using a genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data set comparisons related species, show that recombination-associated CGIs have low mutation rates, rate negatively correlated wide, indicating nonmethylation attracts machinery. We next use neighbor-dependent model substitution disentangle effects mutability gBGC analyze loss PRDM9 has these rates. infer methylation patterns been stable during canid evolution, but experienced drastic increase due gBGC, consistent increased levels regions. also likely many new genome, mostly occur away from genes, whereas number promoter regions not greatly recent evolutionary history. Recombination major impact distribution are detected interaction gBGC. results indicate germline main determinant rates absence PRDM9.