Health behaviour in school-aged children : World Health Organization collaborative cross-national study (HBSC): findings from the 2010 HBSC survey in Scotland

摘要: This report presents data on adolescent health from the World Health Organization (WHO) collaborative cross-national Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study Scotland. Prevalence statistics for 2010 and trends across some or all six consecutive surveys 1990, 1994, 1998, 2002, 2006 are included. Over 6700 pupils were sampled most recent Scottish survey of 2010. The main findings summarised below. Family life: majority young people Scotland (66%) live with both their parents, while 21% just one parent (19% mother 2% father), 11% a step family, variety other care arrangements. Most children living parents (76%) that employment, further have employment. Among single families, 74% to be half (55%) think family is quite very well off, larger proportions at younger ages. proportion reporting off has increased between 1998 Young find it easier talk (80%) than father (63%) ease communication (particularly fathers) deteriorates age. Boys girls equally easy about things bother them but boys more likely father. The school environment: A quarter (25%) like ‘a lot’ 64% feel classmates kind helpful, these greater among adolescents. 69% rate performance highly relative this One five 11-year olds (22%) over 15-year (54%) pressured by schoolwork. At ages 11 13, they lot, there no gender difference age 15. 11, peers differences older schoolwork, 13 15 common girls. Peer relations: spend time friends immediately after school, 15, evening. Frequent contact evening declined 2002 (88%) say best friend really (93% 84% boys), children. Half (52%) daily via phone, text messages and/or internet. Electronic media boys, rather adolescents. Neighbourhood (51%) always safe local area, (53% 48% girls), 38% time. third area good place live, (36% 31% 13. agree places go locally two thirds trust less favourable perception area. old use green space frequently shorter periods compared 13-year either age. Eating habits: Almost three quarters (72%) eat meal four days week almost breakfast every day. frequency meals consumption 36% fruit vegetables daily, higher eating boys. adolescents, vegetables. Girls sweets (29%), crisps (21%) chips (8%) daily. Between 2010, sweet fell halved. Physical activity sedentary behaviour: 19% meet Government guidelines moderate vigorous physical activity. Older take part exercise often girls. Duration remains same Approximately walk walking primary secondary Primary watch TV during watching any viewing decreased since weekend remained stable. play computer games Computer purposes weekend. Weight control twice as diet doing something else lose weight (21% 10% respectively). try weight, whilst There was change 2010. Body image BMI: fifths too fat. 37% 24% consider themselves looking. people’s views appearance body size 11. fat 1990 Three classified having normal according BMI 3% being obese. Tooth brushing: brush teeth least day (81% 66%). been steady increase who times greatest increases found olds. Well-being: (87%) satisfied life, 44% happy, 22% never left out things, 17% confident excellent. 29% multiple complaints 55% used medicine previous month. fare better seven measures well-being. Life satisfaction, confidence, self-rated happiness groups, lower. Happiness, confidence feeling 1994 2006, decreased. however, boys’ girls’ xgirls’ decreased, complaints. Substance use: tried smoking, 9% 8% smoke present. 59% current smokers Smoking behaviour 1990’s smoking rates fallen those 1990. gap appeared late 90s, longer apparent. ten drink alcohol once week. beer, prefer spirits alcopops. Weekly drinking weekly returned 4% cannabis. considerable drop cannabis observed former, experimental, regular heavy users. Sexual health: Friends schools rank first second sources information sexual matters Compared source internet get school. easiest discuss personal friends. had intercourse, (35%) intercourse (27%). condom last 70% 79%, dropped 72% 2010. Bullying fighting: bullied month months, although prevalence bullying lowest (6%). 5% others past couple months (7% girls). involved fight 12 23% 17%. Fighting prevalent Injuries: (47%) received an injury requiring medical attention months. injured