Bioassays and selected chemical analysis of biocide-free antifouling coatings.

摘要: Over the years several types of biocide-free antifouling paints have entered market. The prohibition biocidal in special areas some European countries such as Sweden, Denmark and Germany has favoured introduction these to Several were subjected bioassays selected chemical analysis leachate incorporated substances. Both non-eroding coatings (silicones, fibre coats, epoxies, polyurethane, polyvinyl) eroding (SPCs, ablative) tested exclude presence active biocides dangerous compounds. luminescent bacteria test cypris larvae settlement assay, latter delivering information on toxicity well efficacy. following analyses compounds dry-film performed:leaching-rate organotin from silicones nonylphenol bisphenol A epoxy vinyl based coatings,concentration leaching rate organic polyurethane,concentration heavy metals coatings. results indicated that none analysed contained leachable biocides. Nevertheless, products or leached revealed (up 74.7 ng/cm2/d after 48 h) 2.77 24 resins used substitutes for paints. metal, zinc, was measured dry paint film quantities up 576 000 ppm erodable coatings, not a biocide but control erosion. Values TBT silicone elutriates mostly below detection limit 0.005 mg/kg. DBT ranged between <0.005 6.28 mg/kg, deriving catalysts curing agents. Some leachable, toxic film, which may act are plasticizers catalysts. Implications environmental requirements legislation discussed.