Integrating biomass, sulphate and sea-salt aerosol responses into a microphysical chemical parcel model: implications for climate studies.

摘要: Aerosols are known to influence significantly the radiative budget of Earth. Although direct effect (whereby aerosols scatter and absorb solar thermal infrared radiation) has a large perturbing on radiation budget, indirect modify microphysical hence properties amounts clouds) poses greater challenge climate modellers. This is because undergo chemical physical changes while in atmosphere, notably within clouds, removed largely by precipitation. The way which processed clouds depends type, abundance mixing state concerned. A parametrization with sulphate sea-salt aerosol been successfully integrated Hadley Centre general circulation model (GCM). results this combined indicate reduced role, compared previous estimates, for cloud droplet nucleation and, consequently, forcing. However, bicomponent system, number concentration, Nd (a crucial parameter that used GCMs transfer calculations), smoothly varying function loading. Apart from particles, biomass particles also present widely troposphere. We find smoke can perturb activation growth both particles. For fixed salt loading, increases linearly modest masses, but significant nonlinearities observed at higher non-sea-salt mass loadings. non-intuitive variation fresh