Rheological Characterization of Bio-Oils from Pilot Scale Microwave Assisted Pyrolysis

摘要: Renewable energy is gaining importance in satisfying environmental concerns and addressing economical over fossil fuel usage. Lignocellulosic materials are the most abundant renewable resources on earth (Lynd et al., 2005). Energy can be obtained from biomass either biochemically or thermochemically. In biochemical process, pretreatment of a necessary first step opening up structure cell wall to permit access enzymes cellulose hemicellulose. Pyrolysis, gasification, combustion three main thermochemical processes get biomass. Combustion has maximum efficiency more than 30% (Yu 2007). Because gasification offers higher compared combustion, it attracted high level interest (Bridgwater, 2004). According Wornat al (1994), burning bio-oils produced through pyrolysis efficient. Bio-oil also advantages storage transport its versatility as an carrier source chemicals The process convert low-carbohydrate non-fermentable alcohol fuels, thus adding technological robustness efforts achieve 30 x goal. Pyrolysis endothermic reaction wherein thermal decomposition occurs absence oxygen. It always partial total oxidation substrate occurs. Gas product (85%) whereas biooil (70-80%) types pyrolysis. yield products such syngas/ producer gas (mixture CO H2), bio-oil, bio-char (charcoal) would vary depending upon methods (conventional, fast, vacuum, flash, ultra), characteristics (feedstock type, moisture content, particle size), parameters (rate heating, temperature, residence time). Bridgwater (2003) listed four essential features bio-oil fast pyrolysis: very heating rates (1000°C/s), heat transfer (600-1000 W/cm2), short vapor times (typically <2 s), rapid cooling vapors aerosols. heart reactor, during last two decades several different reactor designs meet heattransfer requirements have been explored. Achieving usually require finely ground feed. using microwave irradiation one many ways converting into value chemicals. Not only does assisted (MAP) not degree grinding (e.g., large chunk wood logs used) required