Biosynthesis of Cyanobacterial Tetrapyrrole Pigments: Hemes, Chlorophylls, and Phycobilins

摘要: Cyanobacteria are versatile tetrapyrrole synthesizers that able to produce end products representing all major branches of the biosynthetic pathway: hemes, chlorophylls, phycobilins, and siroheme. Although biosynthesis has not been characterized as extensively in cyanobacteria plants anoxygenic photosynthetic bacteria, recent studies biochemistry molecular genetics this pathway have begun exploit advantages these oxygenic procaryotic organisms. The results increasing our understanding enzyme reaction mechanisms, physical properties enzymes, modes metabolic regulation, evolution pathway, phylogenetic relationships among cyanobacteria, other algae, plants. In article, emphasis is placed on individual enzymatic steps natures substrates, intermediates, products, physical, kinetic, regulatory identification genes encode enzymes. Because limited amount available information directly derived from obtained organisms discussed wherever it likely be applicable cyanobacteria.