Duration of vaccine efficacy against malaria: 5th year of follow-up in children vaccinated with RTS,S/AS02 in Mozambique.

摘要: A primary concern for the RTS,S malaria vaccine candidate is duration of protection. The ongoing Phase III trial reported evidence waning efficacy within first year following vaccination. Multiple IIb trials demonstrated early efficacy. longest protection recorded to date was in a cohort 1605 Mozambican children age 1–4 yr at time immunization (C1), which showed an overall against clinical 30.5% over 43 subsequent months surveillance. significant reduction parasite prevalence vaccinees indicated that continued protect end this period. Although follow-up recording incident cases stopped 45 months, we were interested further durability protection, and revisited 63 secondary endpoint, asexual Plasmodium falciparum parasitemia, comparator groups as proxy As comparator, also visited contemporaneous 417 (C2), after 6 follow-up. We assessed anti-circumsporozoite antibody titers. These results compared with those other trials. Prevalence parasitemia not significantly lower RTS,S/AS02 group C1 (57 [119%] Vs 62 [128%]; p = 0.696) or C2 (30 [226%] 35 [276%]; p = 0.391), despite elevated titers, suggesting did extend 5 years This contrast earlier assessment C1, where 34% observed month 45. Comparison II highlights complex relationship between efficacy, transmission intensity. provided partial from least 3.5 C1. Duration may depend on environmental circumstances, such changing transmission, special attention should be given identifying factors modify longevity