POST TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER (PTSD) IN ARAB AMERICAN REFUGEE AND RECENT IMMIGRANT WOMEN.

摘要: Abstract: Routine male circumcision (RMC) has been found effective in preventing HIV infection Africa; at the same time, incidence of rising China. Hence, RMC may be a possible means by which Chinese nationals could address increasing rates. A focus group study was conducted to explore perceptions among mainland nationals, results indicated that 1) 90% participants considered an unfamiliar and culturally sensitive topic; 2) 80% felt being uncircumcised had not created significant health drawbacks for them or males they knew; 3) believed would good strategy rates were dubious about idea mandated For cultural traditions regarding appear outweigh concerns infection.Key Words: Male Circumcision, American, Chinese, Immigration, Infection, Prevention, Qualitative ResearchThe refuge immigrant populations from Arab world are due constant political, religious, ethnic turbulence several countries. The U.S. Census Bureau (2009) reported there approximately 1,680,018 persons ancestry. Some Arabs relocated United States (U.S) seeking safety stability. immigrants bring with stressful experiences their home country (Kulwicki, Khalifa, & Moore, 2008). have become important requiring consideration mental services Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is major concern care providers who work this population (Al-Saffar, Borga, Edman Hallstrom, 2003). This especially true exposure traumatic events such as war, loss family members, torture, accidents most native countries (Kira, Clifford, Wiencek, Al-Haidar 2001a; Kira 2002).Despite large American population, little understood PTSD women. Understanding needs women critical step toward developing appropriate population. Studies emphasized outcomes anxiety depression experiencing (Keller, Lnewa, Rosenfeld, Sachs, Aladjem, Cohen, Smith, Porterfield, 2006). Also, experience relocation host separation friends (Steel, Silove, Brooks, Momartin, Alzuhairi, Susliji, purpose examine women.BACKGROUNDThe National Comorbidity Survey Replication (NCS-R) 7.7 million adults suffer whereby lifetime prevalence estimated 6.8% (NCS, 2005). With increased PTSD, interest studying difference trauma between men Interestingly, higher (9.7%) than (3.6%) (Kessler, Chiu, Dernier, Merikangas, Walters, 2005a; Kessler, Berglund, Delmer, Jin, 2005b; NCS, referred underlying reasons related stress Generally, stressors loss, rape, sexual abuse known produce long-lasting emotional turmoil (Allodi Stiasny, 1990; Chung KagawaSinger, 1993; D'Avanzo, Frye, Froman, 1994; Fox, Cowell, Johnson, 1995; Locke, Southwick, McCloskey, Fernandez-Esquer, 1996).Immigrants unique traumas build up over time ana persist during transition origin country. Generally particular, carry hostility, violence, racism, discrimination, isolation new environment et al., common policies aim presence country, thus limit access healthcare, education, (Steel al. …