Top-predators negate the effect of mesopredators on prey physiology

摘要: Summary Predation theory and empirical evidence suggest that top predators benefit the survival of resource prey through suppression mesopredators. However, whether such behavioural can also affect physiology has yet to be examined. Using a three-tier reef fish food web intermittent-flow respirometry, our study examined changes in metabolic rate exposed combinations mesopredator predator cues. Under experimental conditions, (dottyback, Pseudochromis fuscus) continuously foraged attacked (juveniles damselfish Pomacentrus amboinensis) triggering an increase O2 uptake by 38 ± 12·9% (mean ± SE). The visual stimulus (coral trout, Plectropomus leopardus) restricted foraging activity mesopredator, indirectly allowing minimize stress maintain routine uptake. Although not as strong effect predator, sight large non-predator species (thicklip wrasse, Hemigymnus melapterus) reduced impact on rate. We conclude lower trophic-level physiologically from presence impose By minimizing energy spent avoidance associated response attacks, may able invest more growth, highlighting importance indirect, non-consumptive effects marine webs.