Engineering aspects and applications of the new Raman instrumentation

摘要: Raman instrumentation design has improved radically in efficiency and ease of use over the past 15 years. New technologies made this possible with introduction first commercial high-efficiency (high speed) systems incorporating low power lasers. Systems were introduced for time on production process lines. Higher have continued to evolve, as a result novel engineering solutions. Raman-near field optical Raman-SEM (scanning electron microscopy) combinations created new area nanoscale spectroscopic measurements. application areas are: (a) semiconductor processing; (b) pharmaceutical drug (c) gemology; (d) narcotic explosives forensic detection; (e) coatings computer hard disks read heads; (f) endoscopic detection oesophageal other types cancer. Comparisons are competing alternative techniques general work applications.