Longitudinal Effects of ADHD in Children with Learning Disabilities or Emotional Disturbances

摘要: Despite the high prevalence of comorbidity between attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and learning disabilities (LD) or emotional disturbances (ED), few studies have examined long-term effects these comorbid relationships on student outcomes. We estimated longitudinal academic, social, behavioral outcomes in children with LD ED without ADHD a nationally representative sample students receiving special education. found that had lower letter word identification scores, teacher-rated reading levels, parent-reported social skills than alone. The differences two groups remained similar over time. Children more classroom behavior problems suspensions schools also slower growth math calculation alone Implications for education with...