Screening of Colorectal Cancer: Progress and Problems

摘要: Considerable progress has been made in the past three decades our understanding of biology and prevention colorectal cancer. The long natural history cancer as it evolves from adenomatous polyps majority cases provides opportunities for detection early stage by removal adenomas. Strong evidence effectiveness screening resulted a world wide consensus, reported evidence-based guidelines, that should be offered to all men women age 50 older, younger presence factors increase risk. Several options are now available screening, emerging technology stool DNA testing virtual colonoscopy shows promise. However, many problems remain addressed. Screening rates low. Successful strategies need implemented overcome patient system barriers. Resources, especially endoscopic capacity, may inadequate handle burden diagnosis, follow-up surveillances. There quality-control issues at every step. Stratification people risk, two-stage approach less intensive surveillance following polypectomy can helpful. Colorectal is cost-effective could save lives each year if were widely implemented.