Halogenated greenhouse gases at the Swiss High Alpine Site of Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl): Continuous measurements and their use for regional European source allocation

摘要: [1] At the high Alpine site of Jungfraujoch (3580 m asl), 23 halogenated greenhouse gases are measured quasi-continuously by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS). Measurement data from years 2000–2002 analyzed for trends and pollution events. Concentrations trace gases, which already controlled in industrialized countries Montreal Protocol (e.g., CFCs) were at least stable or declining. Positive background concentrations observed substances used as CFC-substitutes (hydrofluorocarbons, hydrochlorofluorocarbons). Background hydrofluorocarbons increased January 2000 until December 2002 follows: HFC 134a (CF3CH2F) 15 to 27 ppt, 125 (CF3CHF2) 1.4 2.8 152a (CHF2CH3) 2.3 3.2 ppt. For 152a, a distinct increase its concentration magnitude during events was 2002, indicating rising European emissions this compound. all compounds good agreement with similar measurements Mace Head, Ireland. On other hand, peak significantly higher Jungfraujoch. This finding is due proximity potent sources, foremost southern Europe. The average ratio halocarbons versus carbon monoxide (CO) above their baseline values estimate source strengths part Europe most influences HFCs emission estimates tend be than figures Head (Ireland) end 1990s, either reflects use these closer location major sources. Transport polluted boundary layer air masses especially frontal passages, foehn events, thermal lifting summer. measurement periods when under influence combination concurrent mass trajectories allocate halocarbon specific regions.