Environmental Influences on the Immune System: The Aging Immune System

摘要: The term “immunosenescence” defines gradual alterations of human immune functions associated with advancing age. Decreasing immunocompetence results in a higher susceptibility to infections and rising incidences certain malignant autoimmune diseases elderly humans. As major signature for immunosenescence, decreased vaccination efficiencies have been reported regardless whether vaccinations were primary or secondary nature. “Inflamm-aging”, referring the development chronic systemic low-level inflammation, is further key aspect immunosenescence. Since an inflammatory has described pathogenesis many age-related such as atherosclerosis Alzheimer’s disease, clinical impact immunosenescence may extend far beyond where role immunological dysfunction proven. A distorted result from intrinsic cellular changes well external influences affecting network at all layers. So far, research efforts found broad variety complex regarding phenotype functionality various types cells, which can be compromised functions. Chronic viral CMV confirmed promote by driving exhaustive responses. It seems that regenerative potential aged system altered due bone marrow microenvironment hematopoietic stem cells. One most drastic age-associated involution thymus resulting production new T cells starting already during early adult Interlinking appreciating these individual signatures only feasible conducting bioinformatics system’s biology approaches. An enhanced understanding alongside diagnostic therapeutic tools identify treat impairments will great scientific socioeconomic interest, considering speed magnitude population aging worldwide.