Effects of urbanization intensity on forest structural-taxonomic attributes, landscape patterns and their associations in Changchun, Northeast China: Implications for urban green infrastructure planning

摘要: Understanding the associations between urbanization intensity and urban forest structural-taxonomic attributes is a central theme of ecology, biodiversity conservation management for maximizing ecological services to design proper green infrastructure. By selecting typical provincial capital city Changchun as an example, effects (low, medium heavy measured by impervious surface area, ISA) on landscape patterns forests were investigated in this study. The results showed that Patch Density (PD), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), Interspersion & Juxtaposition (IJI), Tree (TD), Canopy (CD), Species Richness (SR) Diversity (H’ index) exhibited strictly monotonic increases with intensity, increasing 162%, 60%, 44%, 37%, 50%, 85%, 84% from low areas, respectively. In contrast, Mean Euclidian Nearest Neighbor Distance (ENN-MN) Health Condition grade (HC) monotonically decreased 12% Furthermore, regression analysis suggested closely associated forest-related patterns, but dramatically influenced these associations. Our findings highlight planning infrastructure, particular, afforestation management, should be different at intensities. Total area (TA, area) requires construction larger patches protection large remnant trees, TD above ground biomass (AGB) could increased enhancing Fractal Dimension (FRAC-MN) PD, same AGB more effectively achieved decreasing IJI Area-Weighted Contiguity (CONTIG-MN). Moreover, attention paid patch aggregation contiguity, both tree diversity evenness FRAC-MN index. Because are basis various services, our indicate regulation some metrics improve Changchun.