Comparing World City Networks by Language: A Complex-Network Approach

摘要: City networks are multiplex and diverse rather than being regarded as part of a single universal model that is valid worldwide. This study contributes to the debate on multiple globalizations by distinguishing multiscale structures world city (WCNs) reflected in Internet webpage content English, German, French. Using big data sets from web crawling, we adopted complex-network approach with both macroscale mesoscale analyses compare global grouping properties varying WCNs, using novel methods such weighted stochastic block (WSBM). The results suggest at macro scale, rankings centralities vary across languages due uneven geographic distribution variant levels globalization cities perceived different languages. At meso WSBMs infer patterns WCNs language, specific roles many language. probability-based comparative reveal English WCN looks more globalized, while French German worlds appear territorial. structure detected comprehend other may be biased. These findings demonstrate importance scrutinizing cultures well discussing studies.