Carbonyl Compounds in the Gas Phase of Cigarette Mainstream Smoke and Their Pharmacological Properties

摘要: Cigarette mainstream smoke is composed of gas and tar phases contains >4000 chemical constituents, including nicotine tar. The substances in the phase but not can pass through airway epithelial barrier, enter systemic circulation via pulmonary circulation, increase oxidative damage, leading to development cigarette smoking-related diseases such as atherosclerosis. Recently, we identified some stable carbonyl compounds, acrolein (ACR) methyl vinyl ketone (MVK), major cytotoxic factors nicotine- tar-free extract (CSE) phase. CSE, ACR, MVK induce protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent activation reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase (NOX) subsequent generation reactive oxygen species (ROS) NOX, causing plasma membrane damage cell apoptosis. also trigger carbonylation PKC, which an irreversible modification. Cell PKC response treatment with or are abolished by thiol-containing antioxidants N-acetyl-L-cysteine glutathione. Thus pharmacological modulation NOX activities trapping ROS potential strategies for prevention related smoking.