作者: Bjarki Johannesson , Lina Sui , Donald O Freytes , Remi J Creusot , Dieter Egli
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摘要: The discovery of insulin more than 90 years ago introduced a life-saving treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes, and since then, significant progress has been made in clinical care all forms diabetes. However, no method delivery matches the ability human pancreas to reliably automatically maintain glucose levels within tight range. Transplantation islets or an intact can principle cure but this approach is generally reserved cases simultaneous transplantation kidney, where immunosuppression already requirement. Recent advances cell reprogramming beta differentiation now allow generation personalized stem cells, providing unlimited source cells research developing autologous therapies. In review, we will discuss utility cell-derived investigate mechanisms failure challenges develop replacement These include appropriate quality controls being used, generate grafts stable cellular composition, case protecting implanted from autoimmune destruction without compromising other aspects immune system functionality graft. Such novel treatments need match exceed relative safety efficacy available