Status of insecticide susceptibility in Anopheles arabiensis and detection of the knockdown resistance mutation (kdr) concerning agricultural practices from Northern Sudan state, Sudan.

摘要: Chemical control has been the most efficient method in mosquito control, development of insecticide resistance target populations a significant impact on vector control. The use agricultural pesticides may have profound field malaria vectors. Our study focused and knockdown (kdr) Anopheles arabiensis from Northern Sudan, related to pesticide usage. urban rural localities (Merowe Al-hamadab) were fully susceptible bendiocarb 0.1% permethrin 0.75% insecticides while resistant DDT 4% malathion 5%. population laboratory reference colony F189 Dongola showed mortality 91% (4%) others. GLM analysis indicated that insecticides, sites, site type, their interaction determinant factors rates (P 0.05) according sites. Mortality varied significantly 0.05). West African kdr mutation (L1014F) was found Even though, low-moderate frequency observed. findings presented here for An. no correlation between phenotype as ascertained by bioassay presence mutation, with all individuals tested except Merowe which moderate association (OR= 6 allelic test), suggesting genotype would be poor indicator phenotypic resistance. results provide critical pieces information regarding susceptibility status northern Sudan. usage same areas seemed affect when they are exposed those field. might less role than normally expected pyrethroids resistance; however, other genes should focus. These will help improve surveillance system implication different programs employing any these either treatment bed nets or indoor residual spraying achieve satisfactory success rates.