Chloride ATPase Pumps in Epithelia

摘要: Five widely documented mechanisms for chloride transport across biological membranes are known: anion-coupled antiport, Na+ and H(+)-coupled symport, Cl− channels an electrochemical coupling process. These processes either secondarily active or driven by the gradient chloride. Until recently, evidence in favour of a primary mechanism has been inconclusive despite numerous reports cellular Cl(−)-stimulated ATPases coexisting, same tissue, with uphill ATP-dependent transport. ATPase activity is ubiquitous property practically all cells major location being mitochondrial origin. It also appears that plasma sites pump activity. Recent studies membrane system, including liposomes, strongly suggest mediation net movement up its structure. Contemporary points to existence Cl(−)-ATPase pumps; however, these transporters exist as P-, F-, V-type pumps depending upon tissue under study.