[Diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of non-small cell lung cancer. Importance of morphology, immunohistochemistry and molecular pathology].

摘要: Tumor diagnostics are based on histomorphology, immunohistochemistry and molecular pathological analysis of mutations, translocations amplifications which diagnostic, prognostic and/or predictive value. In recent decades only histomorphology was used to classify lung cancer as either small (SCLC) or non-small cell (NSCLC), although NSCLC further subdivided in different entities; however, no specific therapy options were available classification subtypes not clinically meaningful. This fundamentally changed with the discovery alterations adenocarcinoma (ADC), e.g. mutations KRAS, EGFR BRAF ALK ROS1 gene loci, now form basis targeted therapies have led a significantly improved patient outcome. The value imaging, morphological, immunohistochemical characteristics well their interaction systematically assessed large cohort clinical data including survival. Specific sensitive diagnostic markers marker panels defined test algorithms for biomarker assessment optimized. It demonstrated that semi-quantitative ADC growth patterns is stage-independent predictor survival reproducibly applicable routine setting. histomorphological correlated computed tomography (CT) imaging features thus allowed an interdisciplinary classification, especially preoperative palliative Moreover, characteristics, example proliferation index (Ki-67) identified relevant prognosticators. Comprehensive clinical, NSCLCs allow optimized stratification. Respective backbone 2015 World Health Organization (WHO) classification.