摘要: EnglishThe ancestral karyotype of Primates (Prosimians, New Word Monkeys, Old apes and humans), later, that all eutherian mammals has been reconstructed using molecular cytogenetics. Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) probes specific to whole single chromosomes (chromosome paints) allows the mapping chromosomal homology between species reveals interchromosomal rearrangements (translocations) occurred during genome evolution. Chromosome painting shows genomes are generally conserved in a limited number large segments. Rearrangements these segments explain much diversity exists karyotypes various species. A Cladistic analysis parsimony syntenies associations can provide valuable information for determining evolutionary, phylogenetic relationships Furthermore, cytogenetic approach us trace evolutionary history each human chromosome over last 90 million years. italianoIl cariotipo ancestrale dei Primati (Proscimmie, scimmie del Nuovo Mondo, Vecchio mondo, antropomorfe e Homo) piu di recente anche tutti i Mammiferi euteri stato ricostruito mediante la citogenetica molecolare. L�ibridazione fluorescente situ sonde cromosomiche �painting� permette individuare le omologie tra specie confronto riarrangiamenti intercromosomici (traslocazioni) che si verificano nel corso dell�evoluzione genomica. E� dimostrato con tecnica genomi generalmente sono altamente conservati costituiti da pochi segmenti cromosomici grandi dimensioni. I questi diverse combinazioni spiegano diversita riscontrata nei diversi cariotipi. L�analisi cladistica parsimoniosa delle associazioni sinteniche conservate derivate condivise lo studio relazioni parentela specie. L�approccio della consente inoltre cromosomi umani negli ultimi milioni anni.
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