Systemic Neural Stem Cell-Based Therapeutic Interventions for Inflammatory CNS Disorders

摘要: Regenerative processes occurring under physiological (maintenance) [1-3] and pathological (reparative) [4-6] conditions are a fundamental part of life, vary greatly among different species, individuals, tissues. Despite the central nervous system (CNS) has been consid‐ ered for years as perennial tissue, it recently become clear that both reparative regeneration occur also within CNS to sustain tissue homeostasis repair. Importantly, proliferation differentiation endogenous neural stem cells (NSCs) residing healthy CNS, or surviving injury, considered crucial in sustaining these events. However, not robust enough promote functional stable recovery architecture. Thus, development cell-based therapies designed (direct vs. indirect) cell replacement was anticipated [7]. Nevertheless, most experimental with lineage-committed progen‐ itors have failed foster substantial repair disease models where anatomical damage is widespread an inflamed and/or degenerative microenvironment coexists. Conversely, systemic injection vitro expanded stem/precursor (NPCs) – neurospheres well plastic-adherent monolayers provided remarkable amelioration clinico-pathological features rodents affected by experi‐ mental inflammatory disorders include autoimmune encephalomye‐ litis (EAE), cerebral ischemic/haemorrhagic stroke, spinal cord injury (SCI) traumatic brain (TBI). This shown be dependent on capacity transplanted NPCs engage multiple mechanisms action specific microenvironments vivo [8]. Among wide range potential therapeutic actions addition expected this phenomenon may via several bystander effects. These effects heterogeneous