Evaluation of Microseismicity Related to Hydraulic Fracking Operations of Petroleum Reservoirs and Its Possible Environmental Repercussions

摘要: Petroleum reservoir operations such as oil and gas production, hydraulic fracturing, water injection induce considerable stress changes that at some point result in rock failure emanation of seismic energy. Such energy could be large enough to felt the neighborhood fields, therefore many issues are recently raised regarding its environmental impact. In this research we analyze magnitudes microseismicity induced by stimulation unconventional reservoirs various basins United States Canada monitored fracturing operations. addition, relationship between microseismic magnitude both depth parameters is examined delineate possible framework controls system. Generally, typical relatively similar majority under investigation overall associating not strong important factor jeopardize near surface groundwater resources. Furthermore, these events less energetic compared moderately active tectonic zones through world usually do extend over a long period considerably deep parts. However, huge volume treatment fluids improper casing cementing operation seem primary sources for contaminating