Epidemiology-driven neurodevelopmental animal models of schizophrenia

摘要: Human epidemiological studies have provided compelling evidence that the risk of developing schizophrenia is significantly enhanced following prenatal and/or perinatal exposure to various environmental insults, including maternal stress, infection immune activation, nutritional deficiencies and obstetric complications. Based on these associations, a great deal interest has been centered upon establishment neurodevelopmental animal models which are based such stimuli. In present review, we describe this relatively novel class epidemiology-based in relation etiology, neurobiology psychopharmacology schizophrenia. Thereby, discuss general design practical implementation models, provide an integrative summary experimental findings derived from diverse psychological glucocorticoid treatment, viral infection, activating agents, protein deprivation, vitamin D deficiency, as well complications form birth by Caesarian section perinatal/postnatal hypoxia. We highlight long-term consequences challenges animals successfully capture broad spectrum structural functional brain abnormalities implicated schizophrenia, some can be normalized acute chronic antipsychotic drug treatment. thus conclude epidemiology-driven characterized high level face, construct predictive validity, intrinsic etiological significance disorder. They also fulfill expectation theory, effects insults often only emerge after puberty. Epidemiologically not indispensable tools test hypothesis causality human but they offer important new avenues for elucidation neurobiological, neuroendocrine neuroimmunological mechanisms involved etiopathogenesis related disorders.