Phototoxicity of anthracene and pyrene to glochidia of the freshwater mussel Utterbackia imbecillis.

摘要: The acute toxicity of photoactivated anthracene and pyrene to the glochidial larvae paper pondshell (Utterbackia imbecillis) was characterized in laboratory using two sets experiments. Acute tests designed determine overall sensitivity glochidia were conducted under simulated sunlight (ultraviolet [UV]-A = 70 ± 0.5 μW/cm2 [mean standard deviation]). median lethal concentration (LC50) dose (LD50) at 24 h 1.93 (95% CI, 0.87–3.02) μg/L 1.94 (1.87–2.00) μg/g glochidia, respectively. LC50 LD50 for 2.63 (2.38–2.90) 6.36 (5.82–6.94) delineate relationship between rate mortality UV intensity one four different intensities (UV-A 15, 31, 50, 68 μW/cm2). Regression analyses revealed that time death decreased as tissue residue concentrations increased both compounds. Based on measured residues, 1.5-fold more potent than 3-fold fluoranthene. lower potency fluoranthene is agreement with previously developed structure–activity relationships; however, these relationships predict equal pyrene. These findings suggest freshwater mussels are sensitive environmentally relevant concentrations, time-dependent can be accurately predicted through evaluating product light intensity, species-dependent factors may alter relative potencies