Drivers of compositional dissimilarity for native and alien birds: the relative roles of human activity and environmental suitability

摘要: We assessed the relative importance of human activity and environmental suitability as drivers compositional dissimilarity alien birds for 65 most populous cities Iberian Peninsula. examined how these relate to Zeta diversity (ζ) Passeriformes Psittaciformes. performed analysis using multiple orders ζ, which provides insight on role played by rare common species in determining levels dissimilarity. also ran analyses community native a phylogenetically close contrasting control. Our results showed that proportion urban area, variable related colonization propagule pressure, had strong influence Psittaciformes but not Passeriformes. This latter group be primarily influenced factors, similarly what was found On other hand, connectivity, measured distance through roads railways seemed play significant shaping Passeriformes, Regardless analysed, explanatory variables similar both species. findings highlight differences between factors driving distinct groups birds. While emerging biogeography is mainly reflection distinctiveness areas, are more strongly affected natural environment thus their may increasingly resemble one counterparts.