Phytochemical constituents as future antidepressants: a comprehensive review.

摘要: Depression is a major mental disease that ranked as the fourth leading cause of disability. In order to avoid unwanted adverse reactions, well improve efficacy, current researches are seeking alternatives conventional antidepressants. Phytochemicals provide an extensive research area in antidepressant therapies. The aim present study comprehensively review neurological evidences demonstrating efficacy phytochemicals depression. For this purpose, electronic databases were searched collect all data on mechanisms from 1966 up 2015. Plant metabolites different categories including polyphenols (flavonoids, phenolic acids, lignanes, coumarins), alkaloids, terpenes and terpenoids, saponins sapogenins, amines, carbohydrates found possess activity. Naringenin, quercetin derivatives, eugenol, piperine, diterpene berberine, hyperforin, riparin ginsenosides, β-carboline alkaloids among most relevant ones. Naringenin has represented its effect by elevation serotonin (5-HT), norepinephrine, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), glucocorticoid receptors. Piperine demonstrated inhibition monoamine oxidase enzymes, brain 5-HT BDNF levels, modulation hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis. serotonergic, noradrenergic, dopaminergic berberine been proven several studies. Quercetin derivatives have revealed potential via elevating pro-opiomelanocortin neuroprotective properties, reduction proinflammatory cytokines. Assessing structure-activity relationship highly potent suggested find future natural, semisynthetic, or synthetic Further clinical studies also necessary for confirmation natural completion their safety profile.