Leachates from plastic consumer products--screening for toxicity with Daphnia magna.

摘要: Plastic products can contain chemicals that are hazardous to human health and the environment. In this study, it was investigated if various plastic emit chemical substances water. Two leaching methods (batch diffusion tests) were used leachates tested for acute toxicity Daphnia magna. Nine out of 32 product had 48-h EC(50)s ranging from 5 80 g material L(-1). For remaining 23 no effect on mobility seen even at highest test concentrations (70-100 L(-1)). A compact disc (recordable) most toxic product, but traced silver layer not polycarbonate material. The other displayed made either plasticized PVC (artificial leather, bath tub toy, inflatable bathing ring table cloth) or polyurethane floor coating children's handbag). While Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE) discs using sodium thiosulfate addition showed causing toxicity, TIE artificial leather C18 cartridges hydrophobic compounds toxicity. Acute tests found be useful screening purposes differentiating between non-toxic products.