Differential colorectal carcinogenesis: Molecular basis and clinical relevance

摘要: Colorectal cancer (CCR) is one of the most frequent cancers in developed countries. It poses a major public health problem and there renewed interest understanding basic principles molecular biology colorectal cancer. has been established that sporadic CCRs can arise from at least two different carcinogenic pathways. The traditional pathway, also called suppressor or chromosomal instability follows Fearon Vogelstein model shows mutation classical oncogenes tumour genes, such as K-ras, adenomatous polyposis coli, deleted cancer, p53. Alterations Wnt pathway are very common this type tumour. second main carcinogenesis mutator pathway. This present nearly 15% all cases characterized by presence mutations microsatellite sequences caused defect DNA mismatch repair mostly hMLH1 hMSH2. These pathways have clear differences, which will be reviewed article, but they distinct histopathological features. More strikingly, their clinical behaviours completely different, having “mutator” tumours better outcome than “suppressor” tumours.