Oral contraceptives are not an independent risk factor for cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or high-risk human papillomavirus infections

摘要: Background: Oral contraception (OC) has been proclaimed by the IARC as a risk factor of cervical cancer (CC), on prolonged use high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) positive women. However, available data are far from complete, and more evidence is necessary potential confounding effects sexual behavior HPV infection. The aim present was study to analyse estimates for OC users in order develop several intermediate end-point markers carcinogenesis. Patients Methods: A cohort 3,187 women, enrolled multi-center screening trial three New Independent States (NIS) former Soviet Union (the NIS Cohort Study), stratified into groups according their modes: i) non-users contraception, ii) non-OC iii) users. These were analysed predictors outcome measures: a) exposure HR-HPV; b) progression high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN2/3 HSIL); c) persistence/clearance HR-HPV cytological abnormalities during prospective follow-up. Results: All had an identical prevalence (HCII PCR), Pap smear CIN histology, but differed significantly (p=0.0001) with regard all key variables behaviour, known factors CC. Predictors HR- HPV, CIN2/3 HSIL different groups, reflecting these preferences. Use not significant predictor or HPV-positive HPV- negative Outcomes disease infection unrelated contraception. In multivariate regression model, mode no predictive value either CIN. Conclusion: Sexual behaviour among users, non- contraception; predispose women CIN, determine disease/HR-HPV independent any Failure record epidemiological inevitably leads erroneous conclusions about role cancer.