Modern quantitative acid–base chemistry

摘要: Quantitative analysis of ionic solutions in terms physical and chemical principles has been effectively prohibited the past by overwhelming amount calculation it required, but computers have suddenly eliminated that prohibition. The result is an approach to acid-base which revolutionizes our ability understand, predict, control what happens hydrogen ions living systems. This review outlines suggests some its most useful implications. understanding requires distinctions between independent variables (in body fluids: pCO2, net strong ion charge, total weak acid, usually protein), dependent [( HCO-3], [HA], [A-], [CO(2-)3], [OH-], [H+] (or pH]. Dependent are determined variables, can be calculated from defining equations for specific system. Hydrogen movements not affect concentration; only changes can. Many current models through membranes will require modification on basis this quantitative analysis. Whole balance understood quantitatively three their physiological regulation lungs, kidneys, gut, liver. also shows fluids interact mainly separating them.