TGF-beta in neural stem cells and in tumors of the central nervous system.

摘要: Mechanisms that regulate neural stem cell activity in the adult brain are tightly coordinated. They provide new neurons and glia regions associated with high cellular functional plasticity, after injury, or during neurodegeneration. Because of proliferative plastic potential cells, they currently thought to escape their physiological control mechanisms transform cancer cells. Signals provided by proteins transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta family might represent a system which cells controlled under conditions but released from this transformation TGF-beta is multifunctional cytokine involved various patho-physiological processes brain. It induced injury hypoxia neurodegeneration when it modulates dampens inflammatory responses. After although neuroprotective, may limit self-repair inhibiting proliferation. Similar its effect on reveals anti-proliferative most types; however, paradoxically, many tumors control. Moreover, develop change influence into oncogenic cues, mainly orchestrating multitude TGF-beta-mediated effects upon matrix, migration invasion, angiogenesis, and, importantly, immune mechanisms. Thus, tumor progression. This review focuses role regulation brain-cancer