Stochastic Modeling of Polyethylene Glycol as a Suppressor in Copper Electroplating

作者: Liu Yang , Aleksandar Radisic , Johan Deconinck , Philippe M. Vereecken

DOI: 10.1149/2.072405JES

关键词: Horizontal scan ratePolyethylene glycolDesorptionHysteresisCurrent densityMaterials scienceCopper platingChemical engineeringElectroplatingAdsorption

摘要: The desorption / adsorption of suppressor additive during Cu electroplating plays a critical role in the void-free filling recessed features such as through-silicon vias (TSVs) used 3-dimensional integration. A stochastic model was proposed for Polyethylene Glycol (PEG) electroplating. Using model, program capable simulating transient processes cyclic voltammograms (CVs) developed. steep change current density due to desorption, well characteristic hysteresis, observed CVs shown simulation. dependency PEG on various factors, including bath composition, scan rate and molecular weight, simulated. simulation results were confronted side-by-side with corresponding experimental measurements. An overall good qualitative match shown.

参考文章(27)
M. E. Huerta Garrido, M. D. Pritzker, Inhibition of Copper Deposition by Polyethylene Glycol and Chloride I. Model Development and Parameter Estimation Journal of The Electrochemical Society. ,vol. 156, ,(2009) , 10.1149/1.3010384
James J. Kelly, Alan C. West, Copper Deposition in the Presence of Polyethylene Glycol I. Quartz Crystal Microbalance Study Journal of The Electrochemical Society. ,vol. 145, pp. 3472- 3476 ,(1998) , 10.1149/1.1838829
D. Stoychev, C. Tsvetanov, Behaviour of poly(ethylene glycol) during electrodeposition of bright copper coatings in sulfuric acid electrolytes Journal of Applied Electrochemistry. ,vol. 26, pp. 741- 749 ,(1996) , 10.1007/BF00241515
M. E. Huerta Garrido, M. D. Pritzker, Voltammetric Study of the Inhibition Effect of Polyethylene Glycol and Chloride Ions on Copper Deposition Journal of The Electrochemical Society. ,vol. 155, ,(2008) , 10.1149/1.2837874
O. Lühn, A. Radisic, P. M. Vereecken, C. Van Hoof, W. Ruythooren, J.-P. Celis, Changing Superfilling Mode for Copper Electrodeposition in Blind Holes from Differential Inhibition to Differential Acceleration Electrochemical and Solid State Letters. ,vol. 12, ,(2009) , 10.1149/1.3087790
Joshua W. Gallaway, Alan C. West, PEG, PPG, and Their Triblock Copolymers as Suppressors in Copper Electroplating Journal of The Electrochemical Society. ,vol. 155, ,(2008) , 10.1149/1.2958309
Allen J Bard, Larry R Faulkner, Henry S White, Electrochemical Methods: Fundamentals and Applications ,(1980)
Liu Yang, Aleksandar Radisic, Johan Deconinck, Philippe M. Vereecken, Modeling the Bottom-Up Filling of Through-Silicon vias Through Suppressor Adsorption/Desorption Mechanism Journal of The Electrochemical Society. ,vol. 160, pp. 3051- 3056 ,(2013) , 10.1149/2.010312JES
Kurt R. Hebert, Analysis of Current-Potential Hysteresis during Electrodeposition of Copper with Additives Journal of The Electrochemical Society. ,vol. 148, ,(2001) , 10.1149/1.1408634