Influence of diet on leukocyte telomere length, markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in individuals with varied glucose tolerance: a Chinese population study

摘要: To explore influence of carbohydrates/fat proportions, dietary ingredients on telomere length shortening, oxidative stress and inflammation in a Chinese population with different glucose tolerance status. Five hundred fifty-six subjects without diabetes history underwent 75 g, 2 h Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT). Subjects (n = 159), pre-diabetes (n = 197), normal (n = 200) were screened. Dietary intakes evaluated using semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Peripheral blood leukocyte (LTL) was assessed real-time PCR assay. Blood lipid profile, levels the indicators superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-oxo-dG) tumor necrosis factor (TNF-ɑ), interleukine-6 (IL-6) measured. Levels HbA1c, plasma glucose, insulin, C peptide also determined. Measurements taken at 0 min, 30 min, 60 min, 120 min after 75 g OGTT. Insulin sensitivity by HOMA-IR. Basal insulin secretion index (HOMA-β), early phase disposition (DI30) total (DI120) indicate phases secretion. In patients newly diagnosed diabetes, LTL adjusted age longer HbA1c < 7 % group (log (LTL):1.93 ± 0.25) than HbA1c ≥ 7 % (LTL):1.82 ± 0.29). not associated daily energy intake, diet fat, carbohydrates protein proportions. Multiple linear regression analysis indicated that legumes, nuts, fish seaweeds protective factors for sweetened carbonated beverage risk shortening ( legumes: β = 0.105, p = 0.018; nuts: β = 0.110, p = 0.011; fish: β = 0.118, p = 0.007; seaweeds: β = 0.116, p = 0.009; beverage: β = −0.120, p = 0.004 ). Daily intake positively TNF-ɑ, IL-6 (TNF-ɑ: r = 0.125, p = 0.006;IL-6: r = 0.092, p = 0.04). Fat, carbohydrate proportions TNF-ɑ (fat: r = 0.119, p = 0.008 ; carbohydrate: r = 0.094, p = 0.043). Seaweeds dairy negatively 8-oxo-dG (seaweed: r = −0.496, p = 0.001;dairy: r = −0.246, p = 0.046 ), vegetables fruits GR vegetables: r = 0.101, p = 0.034;fruits: p = 0.045). Cereal, meat cereal: r = 0.091, p = 0.048 meat: r = 0.405, p = 0.009). Diabetes better (HbA1c < 7 %) had LTL, could reflect status patients. probably influenced but ingredients. Diet significantly impacted markers stress, which an effect LTL.