Genetic resources of wild barley in the near East: structure, evolution and application in breeding

摘要: Genetic diversity and structure of populations the wild progenitor barley, Hordeum spontaneum, from three countries, Israel, Turkey Iran, in Near East Fertile Crescent, are compared contrasted. The analysis is based on electrophoretically discernible allozymic variation proteins encoded by 27 shared loci 2125 individuals representing 52 barley. results indicate that: (a) H. spontaneum Crescent very variable genetically; (b) genetic differentiation includes some clinal but primarily regional local patterns often displaying sharp geographic over short distances; (c) average relative (Gst) was 54% within populations, 39% among 8% between countries; (d) allele distribution characterized a high proportion unique alleles (51%), common that distributed either locally or sporadically; (e) discriminant frequencies successfully clustered barley each countries (96% correct classification); (f) substantial portion allozyme gene pool significantly correlated with environment predictable ecologically, chiefly combination humidity temperature variables; (g) natural are, average, more than two composite crosses land races cultivated spatial environmental correlates predictors H, not only rich at least partly adaptive ecology markers. Consequently, conservation utilization programmes should optimize sampling strategies following ecological-genetic factors markers as effectively predictive guidelines.