Analyzing Iran’s science and technology foresight programs: recommendations for further practices

摘要: Purpose Studying previous science and technology (S&T) foresight activities reveals information that helps decision makers to redesign policy-making templates aimed at dealing with new millennium challenges. To propose policy recommendations about further S&T programs in Iran, this paper aims a three-phase process study historical national sub-national level since 2005 2015, analyze the state of selected discover weaknesses potential solutions and, finally, provide strategies tactics improve through an expert-based process. Design/methodology/approach This provides three-stage methodology, designed survey Iranian practices (study) using scoping framework equipped additional features, diagnosis evaluating (analyze) finally proposing organize implement more efficient (design) initialize developing countries such as Iran. Findings Although concerns future importance are raised however community needs be developed. As noted Section 5, facilitators specialist biased limited methodologies methods; therefore, creating networks communities is strongly recommended. Research limitations/implications The main constraint research was lack valid data case some programs. Originality/value Iran country plan for long-run programs; however, there no integrated which reviews analyzes attempts dedicate insights how reframe existing paradigms. facilitate paths toward sustainability, analyzing series devolving may designing efforts less developed world.