THREE-DIMENSIONAL MODELLING AND ANALYSIS OF DINOSAUR TRACKWAYS

摘要: Light Detection And Range (LiDAR) imaging provides a means to model the 3D geometry of fossil tracks in field with high accuracy. This represents considerable advance for science vertebrate ichnology which traditional methods suffer from significant degree abstraction and lack resolution required interpret quantitatively. Three-dimensional LiDAR models provide additional morphometric information allow application new analytical tools unique digital environment. The method will enable track morphometrics develop into an iterative process that combines visualization multivariate statistical methods, blending qualitative quantitative approaches allowing morphologies be compared holistically. Modelling trackways Fumanya (south-east Pyrenees) using has enabled variation linear dimensions explained by varied contribution different modes shear increasing depth below foot/sediment interface. Features relief pes traces indicate subsurface zones within their volumes are defined interaction puncture local shear, surface zone liquefaction failure now lost erosion. mechanical enables preliminary review pedal kinematics titanosaurid sauropod dinosaurs suggests multiphase loading sediment pes. However, inspection these surfaces alone it is not possible differentiate between possibility one or two discrete phases motion preceding toe-off event at maximum height support phase. By integrating analogue modelling environment clarify such interpretations locomotor mechanics extinct animals.