tRNA Primer Sequestration as an Antiviral Strategy

摘要: From retroviral initiation to eukaryotic genome replication, priming cDNA is a challenging task. An underlying problem that the template lacks 3′-OH substrate required for faithful of RNA or DNA synthesis by replicative enzyme, whether it HIV-1 reverse transcriptase (RT) pol α. The solutions this are various – in case hepadnaviruses, replicase itself uses tyrosine residue mimic primer’s (reviewed (Salas 1991)), and second α-primase domain, serves role synthesizing primer use Retroviruses best exemplify genomic brevity their ability accomplish so many activities few nucleotides (nt). Thus, retroviruses retrotransposons have solved co-opting an abundant highly conserved cellular factor serve as adapting viral (vRNA) sequences be complementary primers (Dahlberg et al. 1974; Harada 1975; Kikuchi 1986; Peters Glover 1980). Although always tRNA retroviruses, specific used retrovirus subgroup unique, with all lentiviruses including using solely tRNALys3 vivo (Mak Kleiman 1997; Marquet 1995)).