Neurotrophic factors for spinal cord repair: Which, where, how and when to apply, and for what period of time?

摘要: A variety of neurotrophic factors have been used in attempts to improve morphological and behavioural outcomes after experimental spinal cord injury (SCI). Here we review many these factors, their cellular targets, therapeutic impact on repair different, primarily rodent, models SCI. majority studies report favourable but results are by no means consistent, thus a major aim this is consider how best apply SCI optimize potential. In addition which chosen, variables need be considered when delivering trophic support, including where given factor or such administered, at what dose, for long. Overall, the applied support close lesion site, acute sub-acute phase (0-14 days post-injury). Far fewer chronic undertaken. addition, comparatively administered directly cell bodies injured neurons; yet other instructive rodent CNS injury, example optic nerve crush transection, therapies targeted neurons themselves, retinal ganglion cells. The mode delivery also an important variable, whether delivered injection recombinant proteins, using osmotic minipumps, cell-mediated delivery, polymer release vehicles supporting bridges some sort, use gene therapy modify neurons, glial cells precursor/stem Neurotrophic often combination with tissue grafts and/or pharmacotherapeutic agents. Finally, dose time-course should ideally tailored suit specific biological requirements, they relate neuronal survival, axonal sparing/sprouting, long-distance regeneration axons ending different growth associated terminal arborization renewed synaptogenesis. This article part Special Issue entitled SI: Spinal injury.