Sol–gel synthesis of nanostructured indium tin oxide with controlled morphology and porosity

摘要: Abstract Nanostructured indium tin oxide (ITO) powders and thin films differing in morphology porosity were prepared by a sol–gel method. In3+ Sn4+ hydrolyzed aqueous medium through the use of ethanolamine (EA) or sodium acetate (AC). X-ray diffraction measurements demonstrated that both EA AC furnished hydroxide, which became nanocrystalline after aging for one day. The hydroxide samples calcined at 550 °C afforded ITO with cubic crystal structure, but differed significantly, depending on agent used hydrolysis. Electron microscopy revealed formation round monodisperse nanoparticles when was used, whereas application led to rod-like nanoparticles. Both types suitable preparation transparent conductive films. influence optical properties is discussed.