Elevated CO 2 improves growth, modifies anatomy, and modulates essential oil qualitative production and gene expression in Lippia alba (Verbenaceae)

摘要: Carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations have grown in recent decades and will continue to increase during this century, affecting plant physiology development. Aiming evaluate the effect of CO2 elevation on growth, anatomy, essential oil qualitative production expression genes related biosynthesis these compounds, three chemotypes Lippia alba (BGEN-01, BGEN-02 BGEN-42) were cultivated vitro. Firstly, we focused effects gas exchange profile by comparing rates: 14, 21 25 µL L−1 s−1 CO2. Continuing, addition previous 14 treatments, plants placed into acrylic chambers with continuous forced air at 360 1000 μL L−1 CO2; an additional control without allowing was added inside chambers, totaling five treatments 6 replicates. After 45 days, profile, histochemical, stomatal density, growth evaluation analyses transcript analysis performed. The enrichment enhanced dry fresh weight, total chlorophylls carotenoids BGEN-01 BGEN-02, also increased density lignin content for all chemotypes. multivariate showed that varied, not only among different chemotypes, but within treatments. renovation enrichment. Regarding gene analyses, Farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (LaFPPS) Geranyl (LaGPPS) did vary, except ventilation (360 1000 µL L−1) BGEN-01, which had LaFPPS upregulated. Geraniol (LaGES) upregulated 1000 µL L−1 Nerolidol/Linalool (LaNES/LIS) These findings provide a better understanding how regulates secondary metabolites production, providing basis clarify pathway regulation, further enabling targeted oils greater economic industrial interest.