Current progress of genetically engineered pig models for biomedical research.

摘要: The first transgenic pigs were generated for agricultural purposes about three decades ago. Since then, the micromanipulation techniques of pig oocytes and embryos expanded from pronuclear injection foreign DNA to somatic cell nuclear transfer, intracytoplasmic sperm injection-mediated gene lentiviral transduction, cytoplasmic injection. Mechanistically, passive transgenesis approach based on random integration was developed active genetic engineering transient activity ectopic enzymes, such as transposases, recombinases, programmable nucleases. Whole-genome sequencing annotation advanced genome maps complemented these developments. full implementation tools promises immensely increase efficiency and, in parallel, reduce costs generation genetically engineered pigs. Today, major application is found field biomedical disease modeling. It anticipated that will increasingly be used research, since this model shows several similarities humans with regard physiology, metabolism, organization, pathology, aging.