Floral biology of North American Oenothera sect. Lavauxia (Onagraceae): Advertisements, rewards, and extreme variation in floral depth

摘要: Abstract We studied the floral biology of five North American members Oenothera L. sect. Lavauxia (Spach) Endl. (Onagraceae L.) in field and common greenhouse settings. morphology ranges from small, cleistogamous flowers (O. flava subsp. (A. Nels.) Garrett Garrett) to some longest-tubed America taraxacoides (Wooton & Standl.) W. Wagner). Our goal was compare qualitative quantitative aspects advertisement reward among taxa section Lavauxia. All are night-blooming self-compatible, have yellow petals with ultraviolet reflectance, produce scents dominated by nitrogenous compounds monoterpenes. Methyl nicotinate is present fragrances all regardless flower size or putative mating system. Because this volatile largely absent other species, we hypothesize that it a synapomorphy for The rare O. acu...