Health service delivery models for the provision of antiretroviral therapy in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review.

作者: Jeffrey V. Lazarus , Kelly Safreed-Harmon , Joey Nicholson , Shabbar Jaffar

DOI: 10.1111/TMI.12366

关键词: HumanitiesHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)Health servicesAntiretroviral therapySub saharanHealthcare systemResearch methodology

摘要: Objectives In response to the lack of evidence-based guidance for how continue scaling up antiretroviral therapy (ART) in ways that make optimal use limited resources, assess comparative studies ART service delivery models implemented sub-Saharan Africa. Methods A systematic literature search and analysis compared two or more methods using either CD4 count viral load as a primary outcome. Results Most identified this review were small non-randomised, with low statistical power. Four 30 articles by conclude nurse management compares favourably physician management. Seven provide evidence viability managing at lower levels within health system, one indicates vertical integrated programmes can achieve similar outcomes. Five show community/home-based be effective facility-based seven investigating community support link it better clinical The results four suggest directly observed may not an important component programmes. Conclusions Given scale-up represents most sweeping change healthcare Africa recent years, is surprising find from inform implementation strategies. reported on wide range models, making difficult draw conclusions about some models. strongest was related feasibility decentralisation task-shifting, both which appear strategies. Objectifs En reponse l'absence de directives fondees sur des preuves pour savoir comment poursuivre l'extension l’ART facon faire une utilisation optimale ressources limitees, evaluer les etudes comparatives modeles prestation services mis en œuvre Afrique subsaharienne. Methode Recherche systematique dans la litterature et analyse comparant deux ou plusieurs methodes ART, utilisant soit numeration charge virale comme resultat principal. Resultats La plupart identifiees etaient petites non randomisees, avec faible puissance statistique. Quatre identifies par cette revue concluent que prise infirmier(e)s etait favorablement comparable celle medecins. Sept fournissent preuve viabilite niveaux inferieurs du systeme sante, un article indique verticaux integres peuvent atteindre resultats similaires. Cinq montrent communautaire/a domicile peut etre aussi efficace etablissements. sept investiguant le soutien communaute relient meilleurs cliniques. Les quatre suggerent therapie sous observation directe ne serait pas element ART. Conclusions Etant donne l'expansion traitement represente changement plus radical soins sante subsaharienne au cours dernieres annees, il est surprenant trouver informer strategies d'implementation. rapportaient large gamme services, rendant ainsi difficile tirer certains modeles. La forte liee faisabilite delegation tâches, s'averant efficaces. Objetivos Como respuesta falta guias basadas evidencia sobre como continuar ampliando progresivamente el TAR haciendo uso optimo los recursos limitados, se han evaluado estudios comparativos modelos prestacion servicios implementados subsahariana. Metodo Se realizo una revision sistematica literatura y analisis comparaban dos o mas metodos entrega TAR, utilizando bien conteo carga resultado principal. Resultados La mayoria identificados esta eran pequenos sin aleatorizar, con bajo poder estadistico. Cuatro articulos concluian manejo del realizado por enfermeras comparaba forma favorable medicos. Siete aportaban viabilidad manejar niveles asistenciales bajos dentro sistema sanitario, uno indicaba programas verticales e integrados pueden alcanzar resultados similares. Cinco mostraban basado comunidad/en hogares puede ser tan efectivo centros sanitarios. siete investigaban relacion entre apoyo enlace comunitario mejores clinicos. Los hallazgos cuatro sugieren terapia observacion directa podria no componente importante TAR. Conclusiones Dado ampliacion progresiva antirretroviral representa cambio sanitarios subsahariana ultimos anos, es sorprendente encontrar documenten las estrategias implementacion. reportan amplio rango servicios, lo cual hace sea dificil sacar conclusiones algunos modelos. contundente estaba relacionada descentralizacion rotacion tareas, pues ambas parecian efectivas.

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