Smoking as a risk factor for oral candidiasis in HIV-infected adults.

摘要: OBJECTIVE: We aimed to examine if smoking is an independent predictor of oral candidiasis (OC) among HIV-1 infected persons. METHODS: The cross-sectional part this study evaluated 631 adult dentate seropositive persons examined for OC from 1995–2000 at the University North Carolina Hospitals in Chapel Hill, NC. In second part, above sample, a total 283 individuals who were free HIV-associated diseases baseline followed up 2 years assess incident events. Data collected medical record review, interview questionnaires, and clinical examinations analyzed using chi-squared tests t-tests. Logistic regression models developed prevalent employing likelihood ratio test, whereas Poisson assessing cumulative incidence OC. These included variety variables adjust confounding. RESULTS: Thirteen percent participants had only; 4.6% with Oral Hairy Leukoplakia; 69.7% neither. Smoking was associated all [prevalent – current smokers: logistic Odd (95% CI) = 2.5 (1.3, 4.8); Incident (main effects model) Incidence rate 1.9 (1.1, 3.8)]. Other suggested evidence effect modification between CD4 cell count by smoking. CONCLUSION: risk factor development persons, modified which measures strength immune system.