Integrated fly management in European ruminant operations from the perspective of directive 2009/128/EC on sustainable use of pesticides.

摘要: Integrated pest management (IPM) in agriculture animals remains undeveloped as compared to IPM crops. With respect the range of external nuisance arthropods that may bother farm animals, development and implementation systematic strategies are difficult carry out. However, recurrent outbreaks blue tongue disease sheep cattle, public threats regarding prophylactic use veterinary insecticides need preserve efficacy available actives have lead reflexion on new control for arthropod pests livestock. A recent extension EU regulation pesticides crops provides an opportunity compare suggest lines reflection ruminants under European conditions. In this paper, actions suggested by Annex III Directive 2009/128/CE Sustainable Use Pesticides related National Action Plans from 28 member states were reviewed animal production perspective a group entomologists. Eight action been identified thus challenged with current husbandry practices modern ruminant operations. Many be unsuitable large animals. Suggestions implementing tools, opportunities constraint assessment, needs support also discussed. Only sites monitoring harmful organisms considered achievable near future; both conjunction topical insecticides. Complementary such alternatives chemical require further researches industrial development. Marketing IGR-based feed additives would great interest, but compounds medicines is very unlikely regulatory environment associated cost