Genetic structure of Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra, Carnivora: Mustelidae) populations from the western Baltic sea region and its implications for the recolonization of north-western Germany

作者: Ann-Christin Honnen , Britt Petersen , Leena Kaßler , Morten Elmeros , Anna Roos

DOI: 10.1111/J.1439-0469.2010.00582.X

关键词: Genetic structureZoologyPopulationmtDNA control regionLutraRange (biology)BiologyFounder effectOtterMustelidae

摘要: We analysed 229 Eurasian otters from eastern and north-western Germany, Denmark southern Sweden based on sequences of the mtDNA control region genotypes at 12 polymorphic nuclear microsatellite loci. The main focus study lay north-west German Schleswig-Holstein, which represent a newly established expanding population recolonizing formerly inhabited region, thereby closing distributional gap between large long-isolated genetically depleted Danish population. As found before in this species, variability was very low but we identified hitherto unknown haplotype Sweden. Expected heterozygosities were 0.46 0.69 thus within range known literature. There only weak signs founder effect Schleswig-Holstein with respect to allelic diversity (but not heterozygosity). Nevertheless, there statistically significant bottleneck signal deviations mutation-drift equilibrium Schleswig-Holstein. All statistical approaches (amovas, factorial correspondence analysis, assignment tests Bayesian structure analysis) unequivocally showed that Germany has so far been predominantly recolonized by east origin, also evidence admixture through immigration Denmark. Both otter will benefit further exchange wake ongoing expansion. Zusammenfassung Insgesamt Fischotter aus dem Osten und Nordwesten Deutschlands sowie Danemark Sudschweden wurden auf der Basis von Sequenzen mitochondrialen Kontrollregion Genotypen an polymorphen nuklearen Mikrosatellitenloci populationsgenetisch untersucht. Hauptaugenmerk lag Bestand jungster Zeit neu etabliert wurde sich weiterhin ausbreitet. Damit schliest dieser die Verbreitungslucke zwischen grosen Population im den lange isolierten genetisch verarmten Ottern Danemark. Im Einklang mit fruheren Studien war Variabilitat des Markers sehr gering; es jedoch ein bisher unbekannter Haplotyp Schweden nachgewiesen. Die erwartete Heterozygotie Werten fur ublichen Bereich. Es gab schwache Anzeichen eines Grundereffektes Bezug Alleldiversitat, nicht Heterozygotie. Dennoch Bottleneck-Test basierend Abweichungen vom Mutationsdrift-Gleichgewicht statistisch signifikant. Alle statistischen Verfahren FCA, Assignment-Tests Bayesianische Structure-Analyse) zeigten, dass Nordwestdeutschland uberwiegend her wiederbesiedelt wird, doch auch genetische Spuren einer Immigration gefunden. Sowohl danische als nordwestdeutsche Fischotterpopulation werden einem weiteren genetischen Austausch Zuge gegenwartigen Ausbreitung profitieren.

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