Drug resistance profile and clonality of Plasmodium falciparum parasites in Cape Verde: the 2017 malaria outbreak

摘要: Cape Verde is an archipelago located off the West African coast and in a pre-elimination phase of malaria control. Since 2010, fewer than 20 Plasmodium falciparum cases have been reported annually, except 2017, when outbreak Praia before rainy season led to 423 autochthonous cases. It important understand genetic diversity circulating P. inform on drug resistance, potential transmission networks sources infection, including parasite importation. Enrolled subjects involved patients admitted Dr Agostinho Neto Hospital at city, Santiago island, Verde, between July October 2017. Neighbours family members enrolled were assessed for presence anti-P. antibodies. Sanger sequencing real-time PCR was used identify SNPs genes associated with resistance (e.g., pfdhfr, pfdhps, pfmdr1, pfk13, pfcrt), whole genome data generated investigate population structure parasites. The study analysed 190 samples, 187 indigenous 3 from imported infections. Malaria distributed throughout city. There no severe all had adequate clinical parasitological response after treatment. Anti-P. antibodies not detected 137 neighbours tested. No mutations pfdhps. triple mutation S108N/N51I/C59R pfdhfr chloroquine-resistant CVIET haplotype pfcrt gene almost samples. Variations pfk13 identified only one sample (R645T, E668K). NFD pfmdr1 majority samples (89.7%). Polymorphisms artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) tolerance Southeast Asia detected, but tested carried anti-malarial-associated genes. first (WGS) performed Verdean parasites that showed cluster together, very high level similarity are close other populations Africa.