Testing methods for developmental neurotoxicity of environmental chemicals.

摘要: Abstract Human brain development is slow and delicate, involving many unique, though interrelated, cellular events. The fetus child are often more susceptible to chemical toxins that alter the structure and/or function of brain, although susceptibility varies for individual neurotoxicants. Early exposure neurotoxins has been implicated in neurological diseases mental retardation. Pesticide exposures pose a particular concern since designed be neurotoxic pests can also affect humans. Acknowledging potential vulnerability developing EPA recently began “call in” data on developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) from manufacturers pesticides already registered considered neurotoxic—around 140 pesticides. Chemicals tested following DNT testing guideline (OPPTS 870.6300). This paper assesses whether tests performed according this effectively identify We found deficient several respects, including: It not always triggered appropriately within current tiered system testing; does expose animals during all critical periods vulnerability; assess effects may become evident later life; include methodology consideration pharmacokinetic variables; Methodology assessment neurobehavioral, neuropathological, morphometry highly variable; Testing neurochemical changes limited required. propose modifications would improve its adequacy assessing predicting risks infants children. emphasizes deficiencies neurotoxicants represent significant gap increase uncertainty establishment safe levels individuals.